Archive for the ‘Teacher Preparation’ Category

What we’re reading…

Friday, January 20th, 2012

Kathleen Porter-Magee at the Fordham Institute has written excellent blog post in which she highlights an important difference between two schools of thought in the education reform movement.  Those that advocate for big picture “structural reform” in schools- essentially changing the way a school, district, or state education system is run, and the more detailed and nuanced “classroom level” reforms that involve what students learn, and how they are taught.  In her post she reviews a new book titled The Tyranny of the Textbook: An Insider Exposes How Educational Materials Undermine Reform by Beverly Jobrack, who argues that the latter approach is being overlooked, to the detriment of student performance and school improvement efforts.  Porter-Magee effectively conveys the merits, and challenges of this policy position.

The essential premise of the book- that the most important component of school reform that will drive student achievement is the choice of curriculum that they are taught- is one that Common Core supports and is working actively to promote.  Indeed, Porter-Magee astutely articulates this position in her post when she writes “standards alone will do little to drive student achievement if they are not implemented via, among other things, a thoughtfully designed curriculum.”  Though this solution is neither quick, nor easy, Common Core believes that an internal approach to school reform that focuses on the content students are taught, the methods and practices teachers use, and the effective implementation of this content is what truly effects student achievement, and ultimately creates better schools.

Training Great Teachers

Friday, June 24th, 2011

We’ve written often on teacher preparation programs’ lack of emphasis on the content knowledge of future teachers. The debate over the relative importance of subject matter and pedagogical methods in teacher preparation programs has hung over the education field for well over a century. And, unfortunately, the balance has all-too-regularly shifted in favor of methods.

The gap between professors of education and their liberal arts colleagues has been called the “widest street in the world.” (Read the latest issue of AFT’s American Educator for a history of this divide.) Teacher preparation programs assume their students know and love the content they will teach. But, even in alternative certification programs, which attract exemplary candidates, content is simply not addressed.

The business world is increasingly looking for employees who are inspired by creativity and a drive to find patterns in their work and world. This kind of person is inquisitive, with deep knowledge of his/her field.

Sounds like a great teacher.

Content knowledge and pedagogical practices go hand in hand. Particularly in elementary school, as teachers help students construct foundations for learning. To teach in innovative and exciting ways, teachers must understand their subject matter deeply. To encourage their students to ask big questions ably and productively, teachers need knowledge of the answers.

There are a number of initiatives in the works to redeem teacher preparation. But, as these initiatives seek to make teacher preparation programs more selective and practical, too few of them attempt to bridge the wide, wide street between pedagogy and the liberal arts.

This is a mistake. Good teachers know and care deeply about what their students should learn. Their preparation should not only focus on how to teach, but also on what to teach and why it matters.

Stephanie Porowski

 

US History: Most Students Aren’t Proficient

Tuesday, June 14th, 2011

The NAEP results are in: And scores are flat, again. Once again, most students scored below the “proficient” level in U.S. history. Only twenty percent of fourth-graders, seventeen percent of eighth-graders, and a dismal twelve percent of twelfth-graders performed at or above proficient.

Scanning public reaction to the results, it’s clear that no one’s surprised. Our country’s lack of civic and history knowledge has been a mainstream news topic for decades.

More compelling are the why’s of low scores. As we see them:

  • State U.S. history standards overwhelmingly lack important history content. They err on the side of muddled history without important context and specifics.
  • Education schools and teacher preparation programs assume their students’ content knowledge, rather than fostering it.
  • History has been crowded out to make room for the more tested subjects. As education historian Diane Ravitch notes: “Fewer than half of the students at this grade level have had more than two hours a week devoted to social studies, which may or may not mean history. More likely, they have learned about a few iconic figures and major holidays.”

US students score lower in history than in any other subject tested by NAEP.  Perhaps it’s time we took a look at our standards and curricula?

Stephanie Porowski